[The state of the articular cartilage and capsule of the shoulder joint in the adult population].

J Kottová, J Kos

Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech. 1989; 56(2):89-95

Based on the macroscopic investigation of 156 human shoulder joints from subjects aged 21-90 years taken from post-mortem material of the Anatomical Institute, the authors describe the course of the degenerative process and its localization on both contact surfaces. They describe also changes of the synovial and connective tissue layer of the articular capsule in relation of cartilaginous changes.

[Diagnostic importance of arthrography of the shoulder in rotator cuff rupture].

J Pěchoucek

Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech. 1989; 56(2):96-101

Arthrography of the shoulder serves to elucidate pathological changes of rotator cuff of the shoulder. To test the reliability of this method in the diagnosis of rupture of the rotator cuff the author compared 72 preoperative arhtrographies with surgical findings. The double contrast method was applied, using a needle in an oblique direction inserted close under the surface. In ruptures of the whole thickness of the arthrography proved to be a highly sensitive method, in particular in medium-sized and small ruptures, and made it thus possible to select the optimal surgical approach.

[Tears of the distal tendon of the biceps muscle].

J Vrzala

Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech. 1989; 56(2):102-110

The author describes a relatively rare injury, disruption of the distal attachment of biceps in two sportsmen, body-builders. In comparison with literature the author presents diagnosis, possible ways of therapy and evaluates late consequences. Early operation revision and reinsertion of the disrupted tendon into the position of original attachment on tuberositas radii is recommended as a therapeutic procedure. This is the only way to secure the full strength of flexion and supination of forearm and to renew the original muscular relief of the arm.

[Surgery of fractures of the long bones of the extremities at surgical departments in Czechoslovakia in 1986].

J Rödling, O Lövy

Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech. 1989; 56(2):111-121

The authors present detailed analysis of treating long bones fractures in all-state surveys and the proportion of closed and open surgeries and their lethality, the occurrence of complications and repeated interventions and the mode they influence mean treatment period. The authors evaluate 3,680 surgeries for upper extremities fractures and 6,808 surgeries on lower extremities. In the former localization there were relatively infrequent complications, only in 3.6%, considerably more in the latter localization. A repeated intervention proved necessary in the former case in 2.8%, in the latter localization in 2.5%. Lethality rate was only 7.2% in the...

[Personal experience with the Milwaukee orthosis in the treatment of idiopathic scoliosis].

L Tóth, J Slechta, O Vlach

Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech. 1989; 56(2):122-128

The authors evaluate the results of treatment of idiopathic scoliosis by a Milwaukee brace in 192 patients with treatment initiated and terminated in 1975 to 1985. In the group of 116 juvenile scolioses at the end of the investigation 26 had improved, 53 did not improve and 37 deteriorated. In the group of adolescent scoliosis 18 improved, 44 did not improve and 11 deteriorated. In the group of improved patients the number of persons declines with the time interval after completed treatment. With the increasing severity of the initial curve the effect of treatment by a brace diminishes. The percentage of non-cooperating patients is substantially higher...

[Myoblastic myoma of the tendon of long flexor of the thumb].

K Urban, I Dvorácková

Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech. 1989; 56(2):129-133

The case history of a female patient with flexion contracture of the thumb, having been caused by a tumour originated in the tendon of musculus flexor pollicis longus and histologically classified as a myoblastic myoma is presented. After a complete resection of the tumour and substitution of the originated defect of the tendon the function of the right hand became possible to a full extent and no signs of a relapse may be seen four years after the operation.

[A bone cement containing methotrexate in an experiment and in clinical practice].

Z Bozdĕch, M Sklenský, J Cerný, M Janecek, I Kiss

Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech. 1989; 56(2):134-142

The authors submit their initial experience with the use of bone cement with methotrexate in the treatment of primary and secondary malignities of bones. As a basis they use the analogy of using bone cement with gentamycin the molecular structure of which is similar to that of methtrexate. In the experimental part of the work in vitro evidence was provided of methotrexate stability when exposed to heat or oxidation; and the kinetics of its release from pores of bone cement were revealed. In experimental dogs the effect of cement with methotrexate on neighbouring bone was investigated in the early period in the immediate vicinity necrosis of the trabeculae...

[The significance of magnesium in orthopedics. V. Magnesium in osteoporosis].

R Ditmar, L Steidl

Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech. 1989; 56(2):143-159

The authors submit an investigation of 60 patients with senile, post-menopausal and drug-induced osteoporosis. Using the method of absorption spectrophotometry, they found a reduced level of Mg in red blood cells in 63.6% of senile, 66.7% postmenopausal and only in 22.2% drug-induced osteoporoses. Also the mean level of red cell magnesium was significantly lower in the group of senile (1.94 mmol) and postmenopausal (1.85 mmol) osteoporosis as compared with drug-induced osteoporosis (2.25 mmol). The authors revealed moreover that the level of red cell magnesium in the former two groups declines in proportion to the severity of osteoporosis and correlates...

[Biomechanics of the bones and skeleton. III. Microstructure].

V Martinko, M Belay, S Machay, L Jelínek

Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech. 1989; 56(2):160-168

The authors analyzed micro- and ultrastructure of Haversian system--osteon--from the aspect of mechanics--biomechanics. The evaluation takes into account biological factors and instead of mathematical formulae and calculations prefer a comparison with technical constructions, particularly for emphasizing differences or similarities. The analysis of osteon revealed that it consists of fibres, net and tubes. The orientation of tube-like lamellae is in the direction of compressive strain, whereas the resultant course of torison and bending stress may be well observed in the direction of collagen fibres. A slight assymetry of osteons suggests that they...

[Professor Bozdĕch has departed...(3 August 1925-29--September 1988)].

Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech. 1989; 56(2):175-184